Eligible studies included randomised controlled trials, cohort, and case-control studies assessing B12 supplementation efficacy via oral, sublingual, or IM administration routes
stable form: needs to be metabolized in order to be used by humans
However, someone with a more severe, long-standing deficiency might need to wait a little longer, possibly requiring multiple injections over several weeks or months to fully replenish their B12 stores and reverse symptoms
The amount absorbed buccally versus the amount swallowed and subjected to the impaired GI pathway has not been quantified in published research
Lab staff prefer simple methods that improve repeatable solution preparation results
Only to be used by qualified personnel in a controlled research environment