These systems share signals through the vagus nerve, which carries information from the body's organs to the brain regions (Jackson et al., 2019
, ,
The widely repeated claim that it is ~ten-million-fold more potent than BDNF is a relative in-vitro spine-counting ratio, not a human effect, and key mechanism papers from the originating lab were retracted in 2025
Bouillon R, Manousaki D, Rosen C, Trajanoska K, Rivadeneira F, Richards JB
Weekly injections are the standard recommendation for the first phase of treatment
Check out our Essential Support Membership , which gives you access to guides, coaching support and education to equip you with knowledge to both prevent and manage acute illnesses effectively