Taking into account the penetration of various peripheral immune cells into brain tissues, especially into the areas surrounding the infarction site, it is important that GLP-1RAs can not only contribute to the polarization of microglia M2 both directly and indirectly, but also modulate the number and function of subtypes of T cells, including CD4, CD8 and regulatory T cells [25]
In the SUSTAIN-6 trial, semaglutide was associated with a significant increased risk of diabetic retinopathy complications, including vitreous hemorrhage, blindness, or conditions requiring treatment with an intravitreal agent or photocoagulation (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.112.78) [27]
For patients whose insurance wont cover GLP-1 medications, lower-cost compounded versions can seem like an attractive alternative, but the researchers urge caution
The participants of the phase 2 trial used the medication for 48 weeks
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Ong et al., 2017
