Similarly, curcumin modulates lipid metabolism in THP-1-derived macrophages by upregulating lipid transport genes such as CD36/FAT and FABP-4, leading to lipid accumulation and potentially limiting lipid utilization by tumor cells, ultimately inhibiting tumor growth (135, 136)
Given that cuproptosis preferentially targets OXPHOS-dependent cells by disrupting TCA cycle enzymes and Fe-S cluster integrity, 167,213 it remains an open question whether GSH-dependent Fe-S cluster biogenesis similarly licenses susceptibility to cuproptosis
Dosages range from 4 g once or twice daily, up to a maximum of 16 g/day in divided doses (4, 8, 20)
Actual lightening effects typically become noticeable after 8-12 weeks of consistent use
For LC-MS, the reaction was prepared with 10 M enzyme, 200 M GTP in 20 mM HEPES buffer, pH 6.8, 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 .The reaction was carried out at 30 C for 5 min, then deactivated at 95 C for 5 min
Panduang T, Phucharoenrak P, Karnpanit W, Trachootham D (2023) Cooking Methods for Preserving Isothiocyanates and Reducing Goitrin in