Overall, increased oxygen consumption, energy production, and lactic acid production during high-intensity exercise can increase free radicals and oxidative stress, which can cause damage to cells and tissues if not adequately neutralized by the bodys antioxidant defense system
M.SacchiA.BassoV.CortesiF.FreschiM.RrapajE.et al (2019)
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They illustrate the direction and magnitude of effects observed preclinically
Within each class of adrenergic receptor there are several sub-classes