doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1602976 Received 30 March 2025 Revised 13 November 2025 Accepted 14 November 2025 Published 19 December 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Bernd Rosenkranz, Fundisa African Academy of Medicines Development, South Africa Reviewed by Kacper Nijakowski, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland Miriam Njoki Karinja, Science for Africa Foundation, Kenya Updates Copyright 2025 Mazur, Ndokaj, Salerno, Vallone, Ardan, Bietolini, Carrouel, Wilk, Sarig, Ottolenghi and Bourgeois
Information for patients This leaflet can be made available in other formats including large print, CD and Braille and in languages other than English, upon request
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Upcoming USP guideline changes set to go into effect November 2023 now delineate the allowed BUD for aqueous dosage forms (in the absence of an acceptable study as outlined by the guideline) not based on route of administration but based on preservative status, allowing up to 14 days for unpreserved aqueous preparations and up to 35 days for preserved aqueous preparations.2 In light of a new emphasis on preservative status, it is essential to understand how preservatives work and which may be appropriate for a given preparation based on characteristics such as route of administration, excipients, and chemical characteristics such as a preparations pH
Skin renewal: Retinol enhances skin texture, evens out skin tone, and improves overall skin radiance by encouraging the shedding of dead skin cells and the generation of new ones
The cell lysates were probed using anti-PAR 10H (Enzo Life Sciences, ALX-804-220-R100), anti-Flag M2 (Merck/Sigma, F7425), anti--tubulin (Abcam, ab179513) and anti-GFP JL-8 (Clontech/TaKaRa, 632381)