A groundbreaking study conducted by Chami et al ., using large-scale whole-genome analysis, revealed that obesity has a polygenic basis and identified at least eight genetic subtypes with distinct profiles of complication risk
J Alzheimers Dis (2021) 83(2):799818
Efficacy of alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, on glucose parameters, the activity of the advanced glycation end product (AGE) - receptor for AGE (RAGE) axis and albuminuria in Japanese type 2 diabetes
Abbreviations 4-PBA: 4-Phenylbutyric acid AGEs: Advanced glycation end-products Akt: Protein kinase B AMPK: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ATF4: Activating transcription factor 4 ATG: Autophagy-related ATP: Adenosine triphosphate BCL-2: B-cell lymphoma-2 CaMKK: Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Drp1: Dynamin-related protein 1 eIF2: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 eNOS: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase ER: Endoplasmic reticulum ERS: Endoplasmic reticulum stress Fis1: Fission-1 protein GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP-1R: GLP-1 receptor HUVECs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells LC3: Light chain 3 LDL: Low-density lipoprotein MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mTOR: Mammalian targets of rapamycin mtROS: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species NADPH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NF-B: Nuclear factor-B NO: Nitric oxide PERK: PKR-like ER-resident kinase PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase PINK1: Phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 PKC: Protein kinase C ROS: Reactive oxygen species RPE: Retinal pigment epithelial Wnt: Wingless/integrated References Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K, Duncan BB, et al
Focus during week 1-2 should be on establishing healthy routines, managing any side effects, and preparing for sustained treatment success
G., Annett, M
