GLP-1 and GIP both amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic islets 13 , whereas both GLP-1 and GLP-2 promote gut surface area expansion 14,15
We always advocate for a foundations-first approach: focusing on lifestyle quality, checking for safety with a professional, and then supplementing thoughtfully where it makes sense for your unique biology
however, this strategy has been associated with limited success
For patients with type 2 diabetes, dose advancement is considered when hemoglobin A1c remains above target (typically 7% for most adults, though individualized based on patient factors) or when fasting and postprandial glucose levels exceed goals
Lancet 396 , 12231249 (2020)
GLP-1RA increased the abundance of AKK, while Akk11 supplementation further amplifies the GLP-1-related signal, forming a positive feedback loop