The choice between medications should rest primarily on efficacy data, tolerability, availability, and cost rather than the B12 inclusion, which is valuable in both formulations
MOTS-c is discussed because it may influence aspects of glucose uptake and metabolic efficiency, which are central to that flexibility
Given side effects like nausea, a man with normal erectile function is unlikely to find the trade-off worthwhile
At 10 mg/mL (the most common concentration), 60 units delivers 6 mg, which is a moderate dose falling between the second and third tiers of the standard escalation schedule
Recent reports indicate a more complex mechanism in which wild-type p53 may enhance survival advantage by promoting antioxidation in some cases, and p53-mediated activation of p21 (encoded by CDKN1a) inhibits phospholipid oxidation by protecting intracellular mercaptans (including GSH) (Tarangelo et al., 2018
If something feels off, tell your provider