As for skin-brightening, there is a trade publication with in-vivo data showing that SAP can fade brown spots
Phase 2 results at 48 weeks (Jastreboff et al., NEJM 2023): Phase 3 TRIUMPH-4 at 68 weeks (Lilly Press Release, Dec 2025): The 12 mg dose produced 28.7% body weight loss, an average of 71.2 lbs from a 248.5 lb baseline
240242 Induction of AKI in animals by ischemia, radiocontrast agents, cisplatin, or rhabdomyolysis all induce oxygen tensions below 10 mm Hg deep within kidney tissue
The actual peer-reviewed article has yet to be published
The substance is naturally produced in our bodies, so a naturally excessive amount of Glutathione should be avoided to avoid any repercussions.
Your body uses L-carnitine to move fat into the parts of cells that burn it for energy