In OA, however, due to an inflammatory microenvironment and cellular stress, glycolytic flux often becomes further elevated to meet energy demands, while mitochondrial dysfunction may reduce oxidative phosphorylation efficiency (100)
doi: 10.3390/cancers12102889 52 LiLXuSYanHLiXYazdHSLiXet al
The burden of DM is compounded by common comorbidities such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), which affect nearly one-third of individuals with DM [1, 2]
Furthermore, long-term consequences and complications from elevated blood glucose levels include coronary artery disease, stroke, and diabetic retinal degeneration, which can cause blindness, kidney damage, and inadequate circulation in the lower extremities which may result in amputations [16]
Crespo P, Litran R, Rojas TC, Multigner M, de la Fuente JM, Sanchez-Lopez JC, Garcia MA, Hernando A, Penades S, Fernandez A (2004) Permanent magnetism, magnetic anisotropy, and hysteresis of thiol-capped gold nanoparticles
It reflects the biological reality that the medication was managing a chronic condition, and removing it allows the condition to reassert itself
