The FDA states that the agency does not intend to take action against a compounder for compounding drugs using bulk drug substances listed in Category 1
Peptide restrictions were introduced during the Biden administration, when FDA officials found the drugs did not meet the safety requirements
This legal position is contested and may change
Accountability matters
Topical application of GHK-Cu accelerates wound closure (full-thickness excisional wounds in rodents, wound area tracing, digital planimetry), increases granulation tissue thickness (H&E histology), promotes re-epithelialisation (K14/K5 basal keratinocyte IHC, Ki-67 proliferation), and reduces scar width and fibrosis (Massons trichrome, collagen bundle organisation by SHG microscopy)
In contrast, Arabidopsis is an organism in which vital redox and organelle regulatory genes can be manipulated without causing lethality, potentially enabling the early cellular-level elucidation of these mechanisms in a living context