Vitamin B 12 deficiency
This does not make it the most effective, which remains debated, but it does make it among the best characterized for safety
It is knowing which patient needs a GLP-1 and which one needs a workup, how to titrate through the nausea window without losing the patient, how to protect lean mass during rapid loss, how to screen for the contraindications that matter, and how to tell a patient honestly what an adjunct will and will not do for them
The most common side effect is mild soreness or redness at the injection site, and reactions like dizziness or allergy are rare
Additionally, they are used to prevent or correct vitamin B12 deficiencies, which can contribute to difficulty in losing weight and overall sluggishness
Injections bypass the digestive tract entirely, making them more reliable for people with absorption challenges or severe deficiencies