Phys Ther (2014) 94(12):181625
Why cysteine is the rate-limiting factor: The intracellular concentration of cysteine sits close to the Km value of GCL (0.1 to 0.3 mM), meaning the enzyme is operating near its saturation point under normal conditions
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Signs of degradation Degraded GHK-CU may show visible changes: Cloudiness or particles in the solution Color changes (fresh solution should be clear to slightly yellowish) Unusual smell Clumping or precipitation When in doubt, discard
Studies have shown that regular intake of glutathione tablet for skin at 1000 mg daily for at least 8 to 12 weeks can lead to visible lightening of pigmentation, a more even skin tone, and reduced oxidative stress
However, sample sizes were modest, and long-term safety and efficacy data remain absent from peer-reviewed literature