how much is tirzepatide through lilly direct Zepbound, a popular weight loss drug, getting a big price cut — maker Eli says it will sell one-dose vials of the drug for half the usual monthly list price., Dr. Celine Gounder breaks down Why Eli Lilly Stock Jumped

This is because there are few vegan foods that contain B12 and also because the body finds it significantly more difficult to absorb B12 from the few vegan sources that have it

The clinical presentation and progression of NAION manifests through: Sudden, painless monocular vision loss occurring over hours to days, often discovered upon awakening Altitudinal visual field defects affecting either the superior or inferior visual field Visual acuity loss ranging from mild (20/30) to severe (counting fingers or worse) Optic disc edema during the acute phase, progressing to optic atrophy over 4-6 weeks Risk of bilateral involvement, with 15% of patients developing NAION in the second eye within five years No effective treatment to restore vision once damage occurs Permanent disability requiring lifestyle adaptations and assistive technologies The pathophysiology of NAION involves impaired perfusion to the anterior portion of the optic nerve head, though the exact mechanism remains incompletely understood

Michael Blyumin, Stanford Medicine

Then GLP-1 drugs produced weight loss that prior interventions rarely achieved, and we began to see obesity for what it is: a chronic disease, treatable with medication, not a failure of discipline

Activation of the endothelium and a neuroinflammatory response can occur within minutes to hours after injury, resulting in recruitment and upregulation of cytokines, chemokines, neutrophils, and other pro-inflammatory mediators [30]

in: Uptodate