It was shown that the expression of both glutamate transporters (EAAT1 and EAAT2) in astrocytes is rapidly reduced following hypoxia and ischemia, which leads to further extrasynaptic glutamate accumulation (Sheldon and Robinson, 2007
In a rat model of ischemic stroke, administration of the herbal compound Salvia miltiorrhiza extract modulated gut microbiota composition, reduced infarct size, and decreased markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, indicating a gut-mediated neuroprotective effect (Wu J
In addition, the purity of raw materials, formulation concentrations, and delivery systems vary between studies
Despite significant success in hematologic malignancies, the efficacy of immunotherapies in solid tumors remains limited, largely due to the immunosuppressive nature of the microenvironment
This enhanced hydration plumps skin cells, reducing the appearance of fine lines and creating a smoother surface texture
These associations appeared to be driven by protein-bound and reduced GSH (Supplementary file 3, Fig