Indications: Overactive bladder Common symptoms include urgency, urinary incontinence, and increased urinary frequency Side Effects: dry mouth constipation QT prolongation urinary tract infection worsening of myasthenia gravis aggravation of decreased GI motility in patients with autonomic neuropathy WARNINGS: angioedema of the face, lips tongue and/or larynx has been reported CNS Effects: agitation, confusion, hallucinations, abnormal behavior & memory impairment in patients taking 5 mg oxybutynin for more than 3 years compared to no use (Thomas & Walters, 2021): increased risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio 1.54) increased risk for Alzheimers disease (adjusted HR 1.63) Pharmacokinetics: taken orally by tablet, 5 or 10 mg once daily metabolized by CYP3A4 half life 13 hrs Notes: the estimated Walmart cost for generic oxybutynin is ~$9 for a supply of 30 generic tablets (GoodRx.com
Management: Usually transient and normalizes within 1-2 weeks
Polyphenols: Colourful berries such as blackcurrants and raspberries, green tea, and dark chocolate are some good options
Overall, supplementation with CoQ10 has some evidence of efficacy
Chloride has several functions in the human body: it maintains pH balance, regulates the quantity of fluids and nutrients inside and outside cells, stimulates gastric parietal cells to release H+ protons, and promotes CO2 transport by red blood cells from tissues to the lungs
Laboratory findings help explain why scientists remain interested, but they cannot establish clinical benefit by themselves
