B12 deficiency has a small number of common causes worth recognising before reaching for an ampoule
Pernicious anaemia is caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, due to atrophic gastritis, an autoimmune condition (immune system destroys self), in this case the parietal cells of the stomach that produce intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B12 in the stomach and is essential for normal absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine into the blood
For diagnosed deficiency, weekly for 6 to 8 weeks, then biweekly, then monthly maintenance based on follow-up labs
In-office injections, though pricier, offer professional oversight and immediate care if needed
Semaglutide can slow down how fast the stomach empties, making people eat less during the day
PMCID: PMC2749291