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Interestingly, the suppression of GLP-1 secretion by ketone bodies, such as -hydroxybutyrate, was shown to be sensitive to pertussis toxin, implicating the involvement of SCFA receptors, including GPR41/FFAR3 (Wallenius et al., 2020)

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Several hypotheses have been raised to understand the intersections between melatonin and depression, in which changes in rest-activity and sleep patterns are prominent