Because of the low toxicity of vitamin B 12 , no tolerable upper intake level (UL) has been set by the US Food and Nutrition Board (21)
B12 is indispensable for a healthy immune system due to its involvement in critical functions
But as with any injection, a few mild effects are possible: Temporary redness or swelling at the injection site Mild nausea or digestive shifts Headache or light dizziness A brief boost in energy or restlessness (common if you're sensitive to B12) Bright yellow or orange urinetotally normal, just your body clearing excess B12 If anything feels off or persists, check in with your provider
Each method has its own benefits and uses
If human trials with the compound show safety and efficacy, NNMT inhibitors like 5-amino-1MQ could serve to prevent and/or slow age-related muscle deterioration in humans, a tantalizing prospect
Giving folic acid alone to someone with undiagnosed B12 deficiency can precipitate or worsen neurological damage