Broadly suppressing activin signaling could have effects beyond muscle
Mechanistically, HGF inhibits inflammatory M1-like macrophage production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF, CXCL1, CXCL10, and CCL2) by disrupting nuclear factor NF-B signaling (Giannopoulou et al., 2008) through the enhancement of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) transcriptional pathway and the inactivation of the GSK-3 pathway (Kamimoto et al., 2009a,b
Berberine Modulates LPA Function to Inhibit the Proliferation and Inflammation of FLS-RA via P38/ERK MAPK Pathway Mediated by LPA1. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol
Yin et al., 2008
The important thing is that the baby is held and nurtured
2008, World Medical Association 2013)